英語検定　準１級(2022年第1回No.4)

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1-4		英語検定(準１級)　筆記	2022年第1回(No.32～No.41)
次の英文を読み、(32)から(34)の各質問に最も適切なものを、1～4 の中から一つ選びなさい。
問32		Question: According to the passage, what is one thing that is true about the honey fungus in Oregon? 答え： ( 32) (1) It is a combination of different mushroom species that started to grow together over time. (2) It grew slowly at first, but it has been expanding more rapidly in the last thousand years. (3) It shares the nutrients it collects with the trees and other types of plant life that it grows on. (4) It is a single organism that has spread throughout a wide area by growing and feeding on trees.
問33		Question: Honey fungus is difficult to find because (1) or (2) or (3) or (4) 答え： ( 33 ) (1) the mushrooms it produces change color depending on the type of tree that it grows on. (2) it is generally not visible, except when it produces fruiting bodies for a short time each year. (3) not only does it grow underground, but it also has an appearance that is like that of tree roots. (4) it is only able to survive in areas that have the specific weather conditions it needs to grow.
問34		Question: What do some experts think? 答え： ( 34 ) (1) People should regard the honey fungus's effects on trees as a natural and beneficial process. (2) The only practical way to deal with the honey fungus is to invest more time and money in attempts to remove it. (3) Trees that have been infected by the honey fungus can be used to prevent it from spreading further. (4) The honey fungus can be harvested to provide people with an excellent source of nutrients.
次の英文を読み、(35)から(37)の各質問に最も適切なものを、1～4 の中から一つ選びなさい。
問35		Question: A common issue faced by intentional communities that failed was that (1) or (2) or (3) or (4) 答え： ( 35 ) (1) a majority of the community was in favor of someone joining, but a small number of individuals opposed it. (2) people joined the community with genuine interest, but they lacked the skills or knowledge to contribute effectively. (3) some members worked hard to follow the community's ideals, while others took a more casual approach to communal living. (4) the community set out to complete an ambitious project, but it could not complete it because of a lack of knowledge and financial resources.
問36		Question: What is true of the social structure at Damanhur? 答え： ( 36 ) (1) "Families" are free to create their own rules and do not necessarily have to follow the rules contained in the community's constitution. (2) The number of people in a "family" is controlled to create the best conditions for resolving group issues and maintaining good relationships. (3) The mock battles that are intended to solve disagreements sometimes become serious and result in some members leaving their "families." (4) The community contains "families" of different sizes so that members can choose whether to live in a large or a small group setting.
問37		Question: According to the passage, how is Damanhur similar to other successful intentional communities? 答え： ( 37 ) (1) Members of the community are allowed to exchange their responsibilities from time to time to prevent them from becoming exhausted. (2) The type of work the community does to earn income changes periodically so that members can learn new skills. (3) Members of the community take turns carrying out maintenance on the buildings and equipment that are owned collectively. (4) The community continually finds ways to satisfy the needs of its members rather than simply reacting to problems when they arise.
次の英文を読み、(38)から(41)の各質問に最も適切なものを、1～4 の中から一つ選びなさい。
問38		Question: What was one result of India doing business with the East India Company? 答え： ( 38 ) (1) India could afford to increase the size of its military because it was able to make trade deals with other countries. (2) India had little choice but to agree to business agreements that were unfavorable to it. (3) The Indian government needed to raise taxes in order to pay for losses from failed trade contracts. (4) The Indian government's relationship with China became worse, which almost resulted in a break in trade between the two countries.
問39		Question: What led to the British government taking control of India? 答え： ( 39 ) (1) The British government held the East India Company responsible for an uprising that occurred. (2) The Indian people voted for British rule after losing confidence in the Indian emperor's ability to rule the country effectively. (3) The Indian people asked for the help of the British in preventing a war between India and China. (4) The Indian emperor decided to join forces with the British as a political strategy to maintain control of India.
問40		Question: One effect that British rule had on India was that (1) or (2) or (3) or (4) 答え： ( 40 ) (1) Indians were able to take part in the process of building a government that reflected their economic and social needs. (2) schools made an effort to educate their students to have an awareness of both Indian and British cultures. (3) divisions were created between different groups of Indians to prevent them from challenging British rule. (4) many of the railroads and other transportation systems built by the Indian government were destroyed.
問41		Question: What does the author of the passage say about the East India Company? 答え： ( 41 ) (1) The company prevented the British government from achieving its aim of expanding its rule to other countries in Asia. (2) While the company may have been successful during its time, its business model would not be effective in today's economy. (3) Although the company no longer exists, it has had a large impact on the present­day global economic landscape. (4) If the company had never been established, another one would likely have ended up having similar political and economic influence.